What is P2P - Peer to Peer Networking
- The term P2P refers to "peer-to-peer" networking. A peer-to-peer network allows computer hardware and software to function without the need for special server devices. P2P is an alternative to client-server network design.
- P2P is a popular technology for file sharing software applications like Kazaa, WinMX and Overnet. P2P technology helps the P2P client applications upload and download files over the P2P network services.
- P2P technology can also be found in other places. Microsoft Windows XP (starting with Service Pack 1), for example, contains a component called "Windows Peer-to-Peer Networking." P2P is especially popular in homes where an expensive, decidated server computer is neither necessary nor practical.
- Some people have described this second meaning of "P2P" as "people-to-people." From this perspective, P2P is a model for developing software and growing businesses that help individuals on the Internet meet each other and share common interests. So-called social networking technology is an example of this concept.
Classifications of Peer-to-Peer Networks
- Peer-to-peer networks can be classified by what they can be used for:
- * file sharing
* telephony
* media streaming (radio, video)
* discussion forums
- Other classification of peer-to-peer networks is according to their degree of centralization.
- In 'pure' peer-to-peer networks:
- * Peers act as equals, merging the roles of clients and server
* There is no central server managing the network
* There is no central router
- Some examples of pure peer-to-peer application layer networks designed for file sharing are Gnutella and Freenet.
- There also exist countless hybrid peer-to-peer systems:
- * Has a central server that keeps information on peers and responds to requests for that information.
* Peers are responsible for hosting available resources (as the central server does not have them), for letting the central server know what resources they want to share, and for making its shareable resources available to peers that request it.
* Route terminals are used addresses, which are referenced by a set of indices to obtain an absolute address.
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